L'actualité des particules
Événements, Annonces, Publications
Claudia Merlassino was born in Genoa, studied physics in Milan and completed her doctorate at the University of Bern in October 2019, since then she has been doing research at Oxford University in the UK. At the age of 28, the Italian experimental physicist has already made a remarkable journey as a researcher. She is now receiving the PhD prize in Swiss particle physics - among other things for her findings in the context of the most massive of all elementary particles.
The delta+ is a type of baryon, the family of sub-atomic particles to which the more well-known proton and neutron belong. A team of physics enthusiasts at the International School of Geneva is working intensively on these extremely unstable elementary particles. In September they will travel to Hamburg for an experiment at the renowned particle physics research institute DESY. They owe this extraordinary research trip to winning this year's “Beamline for Schools” (BL4S) competition at CERN.
Image : CERN, SwitzerlandAxions are elementary particles with extremely low mass. So far they exist only in the brains of theoretical physicists, nobody has observed them. Really? Measurement results at detector XENON1T in Italy make one sit up and take notice.
Image : XENON collaborationThe ALICE, CMS and LHCb collaborations present new measurements that show how particles containing charm quarks can serve as “messengers” of hadrons and the quark–gluon plasma, carrying information about these forms of matter. This media update is part of a series related to the 2020 Large Hadron Collider Physics (LHCP2020) conference, taking place 25–30 May 2020.
Positron emission tomography (PET) helps medical doctors to detect cancer and many other diseases. A team of researchers led by ETH Professor Günther Dissertori is working on a new generation of PET scanners that could in future be of great use in pharmacological research and in the treatment of Alzheimer's patients. The technical innovation is based, among other things, on fundamental research at CERN.
Image : USZ/Alfred Buck, Jannis FischerFCC - these three letters stand for the vision of a new ring accelerator that could be built at the European particle physics laboratory CERN in Geneva. With this long-term goal in mind, Swiss physicists founded the CHART research initiative five years ago. Now the demonstrator of a powerful magnet is available. If the tests are successful, a very first step towards decisive progress in infrastructure for basic research, but also in applications such as, e.g., innovative instrumentation for medical therapies will be achieved.
Image : CHART, SwitzerlandScientists at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW) have spent around ten years building the Spectrometer / Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX). Since 10 February, the research instrument is travelling to the Sun. It will provide accurate measurements of the solar atmosphere and the solar wind and will also cover the polar regions of the Sun that cannot be observed from Earth.
Image : B. Vogel, CHIPP, SwitzerlandWith its European particle physics laboratory CERN, Geneva attracts many researchers to Switzerland. This was also the case with François Drielsma (28). In a doctoral thesis supervised by Prof. Alain Blondel (University of Geneva), the Belgian-born scientist investigated a completely new way to build a particle accelerator.
Image : Caitlin Claassens, Arts District of Los AngelesParticle physicists from all over Europe are currently discussing the future of European particle physics, when the current ring accelerator LHC will be decommissioned around 2035. Next May, the decision could be taken launch technical and financial feasibility studies for the construction of a new, even more powerful particle accelerator.
Image : ETHZ, SwitzerlandThis week’s drafting session marks final discussions for the update of the European strategy for particle physics
Elementary particle physics and the large-scale CERN research facility have repeatedly inspired artists to engage with modern scientific research. The latest example is the movie 'Les Particules' by French-Swiss filmmaker Blaise Harrison (39). In this art piece scientific research serves as an escape and dream world for an adolescent.
Lesya Shchutska (pronounced: Schutska) is 33 years old and already Professor of Elementary Particle Physics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). "At the moment I can't imagine doing anything other than physics," says the researcher, who deals with particles that so far only exist in the minds of theoretical physicists.
In deep underground tunnels of former mines near the Japanese Alps, teams of scientists with Swiss participation are researching various types of elementary particles. Over the next few years, powerful research instruments will be put into operation with which scientists want to discover the nature of neutrinos. The hoped-for results could lead to solving of deep puzzles in our understanding of the universe.
Hardly any elementary particle occurs more frequently in the universe than the elusive neutrino. The investigation of the almost massless tiny particle is a focus of current elementary particle physics. Perhaps the most important contribution to the understanding of neutrino has been made over twenty years by the Japanese Super-Kamiokande detector, in which several Swiss research groups are involved. A visit to the Japanese mountains.
Neutrinos are ubiquitous yet elusive particles that could shed light on the early evolution of the universe. As one of the world’s major laboratories for neutrino physics, Fermilab partners with leading organizations around the globe to get a firmer grasp on these subtle particles.
In 2025, the 'Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment' (DUNE) will be launched in the north of the USA, with which physicists want to learn more about neutrino - a still mysterious elementary particle. An important component of the DUNE experiment is currently being prepared by scientists from the University of Bern.
Michał Rawlik, scientist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ) is awarded the CHIPP Prize 2019. The 29-year-old researcher receives the award for his doctoral thesis on the electric dipole moment of the neutron. The experiment he co-developed could one day help answer the question of why there is much more matter in the universe than antimatter.
From 2026, the performance of the large-scale experiments at the European particle physics laboratory, CERN, in Geneva will be significantly increased. The preliminary work for the upgrade of the large particle accelerator LHC and the associated detectors is currently in full swing. An important contribution is made by the University of Bern, where doctoral student Armin Fehr (26) and his colleagues are working on a component for the ATLAS detector. This component will enable the read-out of the greatly increased data rates from 2026 onwards.
CERN in Geneva is the leading particle physics laboratory worldwide. Large particle accelerators based on the most innovative technologies are used there for fundamental research. One year ago, the innovation park “PARK INNOVAARE” in Villigen (AG) launched, together with CERN, the BIC of CERN program: it supports start-ups and high-tech micro-companies using CERN technologies for commercial applications. These days the second call for proposals has started.
The LHCb collaboration at CERN has seen, for the first time, the matter–antimatter asymmetry known as CP violation in a so-called D0 meson. LHCb is one of the four large experiments performed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with Swiss participation of Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and University of Zurich.
Gravity accompanies us in our everyday lives—from early morning, when we get out of bed, to late evening, when we drop tiredly onto the mattress. Although no other force of nature shapes our lives as much as gravity, we still know little about it. Many scientists around the world are working to uncover the secrets of gravity. One of them is researching in Canton Aargau: the 32-year-old particle physicist Anna Soter.
Professor Laura Baudis (U. Zurich) was elected Chair of the SAC by representatives of the member countries of the group which coordinates research in Astroparticle Physics in Europe. Professor Teresa Montaruli (U. Geneva) was elected Chair of the General Assembly.
In spring 2020 the European particle physics community will decide on a new European Strategy highlighting the strategic long-term goals in this important field of fundamental research. In December 2018 Swiss scientists – organized by the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics / CHIPP – have formulated their input to the new European Strategy. Günther Dissertori – professor at ETH Zurich, member of the CHIPP Executive Board and incoming Scientific Delegate of Switzerland in the CERN Council – explains the main points of the Swiss strategic input.
Neutrinos are electrically neutral and very light elementary particles, which interact only weakly with other matter and are therefore difficult to observe. From 2025, a new neutrino experiment in the US aims contributing to a better understanding of the neutrinos. At the University of Bern physicists are currently working on the prototype for a detector to be used in the upcoming experiment.
PiA offers 24 entertaining physics experiments to do yourself again this year. Due to the great interest from abroad, physics will be available in English during Advent, just like last year.
Laetitia Laub was born and raised near Lausanne. She studied mathematics and physics at the Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). Since August 2017, the 24-year-old junior scientist is writing her doctoral thesis in theoretical physics at the University of Bern. In her thesis she deals with the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the muon and the reaction of this particle in the magnetic field. "Many people are currently working on this theoretical problem with the aim of further reducing the calculation error of the dipol moment. This is also because a better experimental value for the dipole moment will be probably found at Fermilab in the US and J-Parc experiment in Japan soon, " says Laetitia Laub.
At the end of August, climate change and the future energy supply of Switzerland were among the topics of several keynote speeches at the Annual Meeting of the Swiss Physical Society (SPS) and the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics (CHIPP) in Lausanne. Maurice Bourquin, former professor of physics at University of Geneva, gave a keynote lecture about the ongoing transformation of the Swiss energy system. Professor Bourquin was also Rector of the University of Geneva (1999 - 2003) and President of the CERN Council (2001 - 2003). The 77 year-old scientist’s speech was titled: “Thorium-based systems – A new direction for nuclear waste elimination and energy production.” In the interview that follows, Professor Bourquin explains why he still believes in nuclear power.
In order for physicists at CERN to carry out their experiments for the understanding of matter, the large particle accelerator LHC must be operated with the utmost precision. Ensuring this precision both now and in the future was the overriding goal of a doctoral thesis that Claudia Tambasco recently completed at the EPFL in Lausanne. For this work, the young researcher was today (28.08.2018) awarded the prize of the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics (CHIPP) at a ceremony in Lausanne.
Geneva, 28 August. Six years after its discovery, the Higgs boson has at last been observed decaying to fundamental particles known as bottom quarks. The finding, presented today at CERN by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), is consistent with the hypothesis that the all-pervading quantum field behind the Higgs boson also gives mass to the bottom quark. Both teams have submitted their results for publication today.
Am 22. August bringt die Schweizerische Nationalbank die neue 200-Franken-Note in Umlauf. Auf der neuen Banknote wird die wissenschaftliche Schweiz durch die Elementarteilchenphysik repräsentiert. Die Auswahl dieses Sujets ist Ausdruck des hohen Stellenwerts, den die teilchenphysikalische Grundlagenforschung in der Schweiz geniesst.
Many Swiss physicists are now in Seoul (Korea) for the very prestigious conference ICHEP2018. We report here their latest findings and contributions to the conference.
Anyone who studies physics at the University of Zurich knows Lea Caminada for her lectures. Most of the time, however, you will not find the particle physicist on the Irchel campus, but at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Villigen in the canton of Aargau doing research. There, the 36-year-old scientist develops sophisticated measuring instruments, which are then used at CERN for cutting-edge research. In a questionnaire, Lea Caminada gives an insight into her everyday life as an experimental physicist.
On 15 June, the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Geneva officially celebrates the upcoming upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). By the year 2026, the performance of the world's largest particle accelerator will be significantly improved by many technical optimizations in order to empower new insights into the nature of matter.
Swiss high school students participated at the second European Physics Olympiad in Moscow (Russia) from May 28 to June 1 this year.
ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN describe for the first time the interaction of the two heaviest elementary particles of the Standard Model. Members of the Department of Physics of the Swiss institutes: the University of Geneva, the University of Zurich (UZH) and ETH Zurich have been involved in the analysis in a leading manner.
Results from XENON1T, the world’s largest and most sensitive detector dedicated to a direct search for Dark Matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), are reported today (Monday, 28th May) by the spokesperson, Prof. Elena Aprile of Columbia University, in a seminar at the hosting laboratory, the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), in Italy.
Five of Switzerland’s best-in-physics high school students will take part in the European Physics Olympiad, which will be held at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in Russia from May 28 to June 1 this year.
In 2021, the European research satellite Euclid will be launched into space. With Euclid, scientists from Switzerland and 15 other countries want to gain a better understanding of dark matter and dark energy. These two 'things' fill large parts of the universe in the view of modern astronomy, but neither dark matter nor dark energy have been directly observed so far. Researchers at the University of Zurich have prepared a complex computer simulation of dark matter in preparation for the Euclid mission. This mission is of great interest not only to astronomers and astrophysicists but also to particle physicists since particle physics is on the quest for the discovery of the nature and structure of dark matter with its own experiments.
If you are looking for unknown things, you usually do not know which way to go to find the unknown. This dilemma is also faced by scientists who want to advance into previously unknown areas of elementary particle physics. And yet they have to find a consensus on which experiments promise the greatest gain in knowledge in the next years and decades. For this purpose, the Swiss particle physicists are currently working on a new research roadmap.
The large particle accelerator LHC at CERN in Geneva enables scientists to get precious clues to understand the nature of matter in the next two decades of data taking. The power and performance of this huge research apparatus needs to be constantly improved for this task. A silicon sensor, which the junior researcher Claudia Merlassino is currently testing at the University of Bern, is planned to be used from 2025 in a large LHC experiment: ATLAS.
CERN in Geneva is the world's largest facility for the study of fundamental particles. The equipment that usually serves science can sometimes be used for practical purposes too. That's for example the case for the protons emerging from the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB): they are used in the large particle accelerator LHC for scientific experiments. The protons can also be used to produce isotopes that are useful in radiation medicine. Such isotopes are produced in the recently opened facility CERN-MEDICIS.
This fall at the Paul Scherrer Institute, the construction of a new particle physics experiment will begin to determine the electric dipole of the neutron. It will replace a previous experiment, which has performed the so far most sensitive measurement in recent years and for which data evaluation is still ongoing. The new experiment, co-developed by ETH Ph.D. student Michał Rawlik, can detect almost inconceivably small features of magnetism. A successful outcome of the experiment would help explain why there is so much more matter in the universe than antimatter.
Researchers of the Baryon-Antibaryon-Symmetry experiment (BASE) at CERN have achieved a remarkable success: They have determined the magnetic moment of the antiproton with a previously unattained accuracy. The measurement is more precise than the best measurement for the magnetic moment of the proton.
In 2012, the Higgs particle was detected by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN. Since then, one often hears that the Standard Model of particle physics is complete. "Not quite true!" says Alain Blondel, professor of physics at the University of Geneva. There is still the neutrino, which, as it is known today, does not fit into the Standard Model. Exciting news about the elusive particle was published recently: New observations by the T2K neutrino experiment in Japan provide first indications shedding light to a central question of modern physics: Why does the universe consist only of matter while the associated antimatter is missing?
Particle physics is a basic science that forms our image of matter and the universe. However, the findings of this discipline also have practical applications that directly influence our daily lives. One example is the company DECTRIS AG in Baden-Dättwil. At the joint annual conference of the Austrian Physics Society (ÖPG), the Swiss Physical Society (SPS) and the Swiss Institute for Particle Physics (CHIPP) in Geneva in August, the company presented its latest business ventures.
The experimental detection of dark matter is one of the great challenges of current fundamental research in physics. This year’s prize of the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics (CHIPP) is awarded to the physicist Dr. Johanna Gramling for her latest contributions to the search for this mysterious component of matter.
The international T2K Collaboration strengthened its previous hint that the symmetry between matter and antimatter may be violated for neutrino oscillation.
After a half-year break, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will go into operation again in June. During the last few months, intensive maintenance work on the particle accelerator has been done. The physicist community is hoping to gain new insight into the building bricks that make up our world.
The highly complex research of elementary particle physics is for most people not immediately comprehensible. An artistic approach can help overcome the inaccessibility of this discipline and make particle physics understandable. This is the basic idea of the art @ CMS program, which is celebrating its five-year anniversary this year.
Aussi compliqué que puisse être la physique des particules, les expériences du CERN permettent de se rendre compte du travail des chercheurs dans ce domaine. Les physiciens théoriciens, par contre, ont plus de peine à communiquer leur travail qui repose sur des modèles mathématiques. Un projet de l'EPF de Zurich tente maintenant de rendre facilement compréhensible un domaine de recherche de la physique théorique actuellement très en vogue: le principe holographique.
During the recent service pause of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a key component of the CMS experiment was replaced at the beginning of March: the new pixel detector is even more powerful than its predecessor – raising hopes for new insights in elementary particle physics.
The laws of particle physics apply regardless of place and time, but the laws can’t be explored or their applications studied equally well in any location. Particularly in poorer countries, cost-intensive research projects face big challenges. Against this background, there is a ray of hope that the first Synchrotron in the Middle East for the production of high-brilliance X-ray radiation, called SESAME, will be launched during summer 2017. Switzerland has contributed to the success of this project.
The Chinese writer Cixin Liu has landed an international bestseller with the novel 'The Three-Body Problem'. Now his story about the fight between the Earth and the Trisolaran population is also available in German translation. In the dress of a science fiction novel, the 53-year-old author expresses his deep conviction: without fundamental research in physics, technical progress remains on the line.
Bahar Behzadi, physics teacher at the Freies Gymnasium Zürich, participated with her pupils in the last year's competition "Physics in Advent". The class performed excellently in the competition and was granted a visit to the Swiss Science Center Technorama in Winterthur. In the interview, the 44-year-old teacher reports on her experiences.
Laura Baudis, Professor of Particle Physics at the University of Zurich, recently talked about the extremely difficult search for Dark Matter at the TEDxCERN event in Geneva. In the talk, which is available as a video recording, she gives a well understandable insight into one of the hotest topics of current particle physics research.
Once more, clever pupils from all over Switzerland are invited to the pre-Christmas competition 'Physics in Advent'. Starting on December 1st, participants are asked to solve a simple physical task every day. Special prices for individual pupils as well as for whole school classes are provided. Indeed, teachers from Swiss schools are invited to participate in the competition with their class. One of the prizes is a class trip to CERN.
The abbreviation CMS stands for one of the currently largest physics experiments worldwide. Günther Dissertori, a particle physicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, was recently appointed to the three-headed spokesperson-team of the CMS experiment, which is located at the large particle accelerator at CERN in Meyrin near Geneva. The 47-year-old scientist has to cope with a task that can be compared to the management of an international company with 4,000 employees.
Is there an elementary particle carrying magnetic charge? This fundamental question is being addressed by an experiment currently performed at CERN near Geneva. Recently the MoEDAL research collaboration published its first findings. No discovery has been made so far, but now the experiment will enter in its hot period. Prof. Philippe Mermod and his team at the University of Geneva play a vital role in the search for the hypothesized fundamental magnetic particle.
Marco Valente is a PhD student, born in Ticino and is currently working at the University of Geneva. He is evaluating the performance of a method from which it is expected to improve important measurements of the ATLAS experiment at CERN. For his current studies, the 23 years old researcher has just been awarded with a poster prize given by the Swiss Physical Society (SPS).
The prize of the Swiss Institute of Particle Physics (CHIPP) 2016 goes to Mohamed Rameez. The 27-year-old neutrino researcher who just has earned his PhD at the University of Geneva has been awarded for his outstanding contributions to the IceCube Collaboration.
Le deutéron – l’un des noyaux atomiques les plus simples, composé seulement d’un proton et d’un neutron – est nettement plus petit qu’on ne l’avait imaginé jusqu’ici. Ce nouveau résultat, obtenu par un groupe international de recherche qui a mené des expériences à l’Institut Paul Scherrer PSI, va dans le même sens qu’une étude datant de 2010: les chercheurs avaient alors mesuré le proton et obtenu une valeur nettement plus petite que d’autres scientifiques, qui avaient recouru avant eux à des méthodes d’expérimentation différentes. Le résultat de 2010 avait marqué le début de ce qu’on appelle depuis l’«énigme du rayon du proton». Le nouveau résultat de mesure de la taille du deutéron révèle à présent une énigme analogue. Il entraînera probablement l’adaptation d’une constante fondamentale en physique, la constante de Rydberg. Autre explication possible: une force physique inconnue à ce jour serait à l’œuvre. Pour leurs mesures, les chercheurs ont mesuré par spectroscopie laser ce qu’on appelle le deutérium muonique: un atome artificiel composé d’un deutéron autour duquel gravite une particule élémentaire exotique dénommée muon. Les expériences ont été menées au PSI, car c’est là que se trouve la plus puissante source de muons du monde, nécessaire à la fabrication de suffisamment de deutérium muonique. Les chercheurs ont publié leur nouvelle étude sur la taille du deutéron dans la prestigieuse revue spécialisé 'Science'.
A highlight of the traditional Nobel Laureate Meeting in Lindau, Germany, which ended on July 1st, was a distinguished panel on particle physics that tried to glimpse beyond the standard model.
Over 30 Nobel Laureates will debate this year in Lindau, Germany with about 400 young scientists from nearly 80 countries. The 66th Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting from June 26th to July 1st is dedicated to the field of physics with a special focus on particle physics including neutrino physics. Prof. André Rubbia (ETH Zurich) is one of the leading neutrino experts in Switzerland. In the interview the 50-year-old researcher gives a glance at the hot topics of current research in worldwide neutrino physics and highlights the contribution of Swiss particle physicists.
The Higgs particle was detected by the CERN large particle accelerator in 2012. Now there are hints that CERN’s worldwide unique particle accelerator will help physicists discover a new elementary particle. Excitement is rising.
Le portail de vulgarisation de CHIPP – l'institut suisse de physique des particules - a maintenant été migré vers le nouveau portail thématique de la SCNAT dédié à la physique des particules. C'est une étape importante en vue d'une plus grande visibilité de la physique des particules parmi les autres domaines des sciences naturelles.
The experimental detection of gravitational waves this spring confirmed with much fanfare Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. Until the phenomenon of gravitation is fully understood, however, physics has a Herculean task before it. A giant next step is the LISA experiment, which is being carried out with participation of the University and ETH Zurich.
Un cours d’introduction en libre accès et gratuit permet aux personnes intéressées une approche peu compliquée au monde de la physique subatomique. Dr. Mercedes Paniccia et Prof. Martin Pohl du Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire de l’Université de Genève ont conçu ce cours composé de 57 leçons en vidéo. Pour le moment il n’est disponible qu’en français.
Nein, ganz einfach ist Teilchenphysik nicht zu verstehen. Doch wenn man die richtigen Worte und Bilder findet, können auch Kinder schon eine Vorstellung von der Welt der Elementarteilchen gewinnen. Das zeigt die Sendung 'Rosanna checkt's' des Schweizer Fernsehens, die am 29. September ausgestrahlt wurde.
L'Académie suisse des sciences naturelles a célébré son 200e anniversaire à Sion le dernier weekend de septembre. La tournée scientifique 'Recherche live' a passé quatre jours dans le chef-lieu du canton du Valais. La double projection du documentaire 'Particle Fever' au sujet de la découverte du Boson de Higgs a fait partie du programme d'anniversaire.
Vom 26. bis zum 29. August feiert die Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) in Aarau mit der Wissenschaftstournee 'Forschung live' ihren 200. Geburtstag. Aus diesem Anlass wurde am Aarauer Open Air Kino der US-amerikanische Dokumentarfilm 'Particle Fever' über die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens am CERN gezeigt. Ein Highlight des Filmabends setzte die Physikerin Lea Caminada (Universität Zürich). Die Forscherin sprach zum Auftakt der Filmvorführung über die Tätigkeit am CERN und über ihr Selbstverständnis als Naturwissenschaftlerin. Impressionen von einem gut besuchten Filmabend auf dem Gelände der Pferderennbahn Schachen in Aarau.
Am 23. August 2015 läuft im Rahmen der Wissenschaftstournee «Forschung live» am Aarauer Open Air Kino der Film 'Particle Fever' über die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens. Live dabei: die Zürcher Teilchenphysikerin Lea Caminada. In einer einführenden Talkrunde wird die CERN-Wissenschaftlerin den Kinobesucherinnen und -besuchern über sich und ihre Arbeit als Physikerin Auskunft geben. In ihrer aktuellen Forschung befasst sich Lea Caminada mit Detektortechnologie und arbeitet darauf hin, die Eigenschaften des 2012 entdeckten Higgs-Teilchens noch besser zu verstehen.
Am 9. August 2015 wurde am Open Air Kino Luzern der Dokumentarfilm 'Particle Fever' (Regie: Mark Levinson) über die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens am CERN gezeigt. Es war die erste Aufführung der amerikanischen Produktion in einem Schweizer Kino, noch bevor sie drei Tage später am Filmfestival in Locarno lief. Die Kinopremiere war Teil der Wissenschaftstournee 'Forschung live', mit der die Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz am zweiten Augustwochenende in Luzern ihren 200. Geburtstag feierte. Zum 'Forschung live'-Event in der Leuchtenstadt gehörten neben dem Filmabend eine Ausstellung am Kornmarkt in der Altstadt und beim Bahnhof, zudem Veranstaltungen in zahlreichen Luzerner Institutionen. Hier einige Fotoimpressionen von dem anregenden 'Particle Fever'-Filmabend vor der bezaubernden Kulisse des Luzerner Seebeckens.
Depuis début juin, le Large Hadron Collider (LHC), le grand accélérateur de particules du CERN, a été remis en service après une pause de deux ans pour révision et fournit de nouvelles données expérimentales. Les données devraient pouvoir permettre aux scientifiques d'acquérir de toutes nouvelles révélations concernant la structure de la matière. Un des physiciens impliqués est Tobias Golling (39). Le physicien des particules formé à Fribourg, Heidelberg, Bonn et au Fermilab de Chicago enseigne à l'Université de Genève depuis l'automne 2014 en tant que 'Associate Professor' et effectue des recherches dans le cadre de l'expérience ATLAS du LHC. Selon Golling, grâce aux données fournies par le LHC au cours des prochains mois, l'image mondiale de la physique moderne pourrait avancer d'un grand pas.
Dans la célèbre pièce de théâtre de Johann Wolfgang von Goethes, le savant universel Heinrich Faust demande ce qui assure la cohésion interne du monde. En vue de trouver une réponse, Faust se voue même à la magie. Dans son doctorat, la physicienne de Bâle Lilian Witthauer se penche également sur cette grande question. Elle n'a pas trouvé de réponse dans la magie mais grâce à des expériences sophistiquées sur des accélérateurs d'électrons. La grande qualité de son travail scientifique lui a valu l'honneur de recevoir le prix CHIPP 2015 le 29 juin.
Cette année, l'Académie suisse des sciences naturelles (SCNAT) fête son 200e anniversaire. À cette occasion, nous projetterons le film 'Particle Fever' sur la découverte du boson de Higgs au CERN dans trois villes suisses aux mois d'aout et de septembre. Le boson de Higgs représente la découverte la plus spectaculaire de la recherche scientifique des dernières années.
Lorsque la physique arrive dans les salles de cinéma, il s'agit en général de science fiction. Le film anglais 'Une merveilleuse histoire du temps' donne un tout autre aperçu. La production cinématographique de James Marsh (régie) et Anthony McCarten (scénario) place l'astrophysicien Stephen Hawking et sa relation avec sa première épouse Jane au centre d'un récit biographique. Le film décrit la dégradation physique du physicien qui souffre de dystrophie neuromusculaire, ALS (maladie de Charcot), et il raconte comment l'épouse d'Hawkings fait don d'elle-même et s'occupe de son partenaire autant que ses forces le permettent et lui reste fidèle.
Le débat du mercredi 10 décembre entre Ruth Durrer, professeure de Physique à l’Université de Genève, et Christian Gonzenbach, artiste genevois promettait d’être riche et passionnant. Promesse tenue.
Grâce à l'expérience AMS pour la mesure du rayonnement cosmique, les astrophysiciens espèrent en découvrir plus sur la mystérieuse matière noire dont notre univers doit être gorgé mais dont la nature demeure inexpliquée. Les derniers résultats de l'expérience AMS ne fournissent pas encore de découverte décisive, mais ils apportent, avec la participation de l'université de Genève, un aperçu dans le rayonnement cosmique d'une précision inconnue jusqu'à présent.
Au Swiss Science Center Technorama de Winterthur, le physicien du CERN Hans Peter Beck, le scientifique en communication Mike Schäfer et la socio-psychologue Clara Kulich ont discuté des possibilités et des limites de la communication dans le domaine de la physique des particules auprès du grand public. Le documentaire 'Particle Fever' du régisseur américain Mark Levinson sur la découverte du Boson de Higgs a fait l'objet du débat. La première alémanique du film a eu lieu le 1e octobre 2014 dans l'Auditorium du Technorama.
Comment recherchent les physiciens modernes ? Mark Levinson répond à cette question dans son documentaire 'Particle Fever'. Le film célèbrera son lancement alémanique ce mercredi au Swiss Science Center Technorama de Winterthur. Nous avons visionné le film au préalable. Une discussion.
Le CERN à Meyrin près de Genève ou le projet Human Brain sur l'Arc lémanique sont deux paquebots qui concentrent de nombreux scientifiques et des moyens financiers importants. Au détriment de quoi ? La question a été débattue lors d'un débat à Microcity à Neuchâtel.
Le Microcity de Neuchâtel a été inauguré en mai 2014. Avec ce centre de microtechnique, le canton de Neuchâtel et l'ETH de Lausanne souhaitent renforcer le site de recherche de Neuchâtel. Mais comment Neuchâtel s'impose-t-il face aux grands projets de recherche comme le laboratoire européen de physique des particules de Genève (CERN) ou le projet phare européen Human-Brain-Project implanté à Lausanne ? A ce sujet, une discussion avec le journaliste scientifique Dr. Eduard Kaeser de Berne.
Pendant le congrès annuel commun des organisations physiques CHIPP et SPS le 2 juillet à l'université de Fribourg, d'éminents intervenants ont discuté de « l'influence du CERN sur la Suisse et sa société ». Le débat organisé à l'occasion du 60ème anniversaire du laboratoire européen pour la physique des particules (CERN) a abordé la grande utilité ainsi que les occasions manquée.
ETH doctoral candidate Marco Peruzzi has been awarded the CHIPP prize 2014 at the CHIPP annual meeting in Fribourg. The 26-year old physicist of Italian descent analyses the so called diphoton decay in the CMS experiment at CERN. His research is a valuable contribution to a better understanding of the Higgs-particle.
Olivier Schneider, prof. de physique des particules élémentaires à l'Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), est le président du 'Swiss Institute of Particle Physics', l'organisation qui comprend tous les physiciens des particules travaillant en Suisse. A l'occasion du 60ème anniversaire du CERN, Olivier Schneider explique l'importance du CERN pour la société suisse.
In wenigen Monaten startet am Fermilab bei Chicago (USA) ein aufsehenerregendes Experiment, mit dem Physiker abklären wollen, ob neben den drei bekannten Typen von Neutrinos ein vierter Typ besteht. Bemerkenswert an diesem Experiment ist auch die personelle Zusammensetzung der Kollaboration: Die rund 120 beteiligten Forscherinnen und Forscher stammen vorwiegend aus den USA, aber die wissenschaftliche Leitung des Experiments obliegt aber einem Schweizer, nämlich dem Berner Physikprofessor Michele Weber.
University education and academic excellence in research and teaching are taken for granted in affluent Western nations. We are used to having a broad spectrum of institutes in any possible field that exist in our part of the world. In developing countries though higher education is still a rare resource for many. This is also true for the field of particle physics, which is why representatives of the European Laboratory for Particle Physics CERN have launched a private initiative to take the seeds of this basic discipline to Nepal in order to let it grow there.
Seuls quatre pour cent de notre univers se composent de matière inconnue. En revanche, la physique moderne est convaincue que la majeure partie de l'univers se compose d'énergie noire. Personne ne peut encore vraiment expliquer ce qu'est cette énergie noire. Un astrophysicien de l'ETH de Lausanne (EPFL) fournit quelques indices pour une meilleure compréhension du phénomène : le jeune chercheur de 26 ans Timothée Delubac analyse des données du ciel étoilé qui devraient permettre une meilleure compréhension de l'énergie noire à l'avenir. Au cours de derniers mois, Delubac a acquis de nouvelles connaissances fascinantes dans le cadre de l'expérience BOSS.
Seit dem 19. Mai 2011 ist das Alpha Magnetic Spektrometer (AMS) auf der Internationalen Raumstation ISS in Betrieb. Das Hightech-Messgerät funkt seither ständig Messdaten über die kosmische Strahlung zur Erde. Nach knapp zwei Jahren macht das Experiment mit spektakulären Ergebnissen auf sich aufmerksam.
Cela en vaut-il vraiment la peine ? Des investissements de milliards de Franc pour découvrir une nouvelle particule ? Et ensuite ? Les gens vivent-ils vraiment mieux ? A quoi sert la physique ? Et quelles sont les conséquences pour la médecine ? C'est justement ces questions que la physicienne Martina Bucciantonio (35) et le médecin Franco Cavalli (71) ont abordé avec passion le 4 avril 2014 sous la direction du journaliste Gerhard Lob au lycée de Locarno. La discussion intitulé « Matière vivante ou matière morte » a eu lieu en présence de 50 lycéennes et lycéens de classe terminale.
Nous en sommes quasiment certains : les neutrinos muoniques peuvent se transformer en neutrinos tauiques. C'est ce qu'ont démontré des scientifiques de l'expérience OPERA à Gran Sasso (Italie,) dont un physicien de l'université de Berne, avec une précision insoupçonnée jusqu'à présent. Les chercheurs ont communiqué ce résultat à l'occasion d'un séminaire à Gran Sasso.
Einem internationalen Forscherteam ist mit dem Mikrowellenteleskop Bicep2 am Südpol der Nachweis von Gravitationswellen gelungen. Dies gaben die Wissenschaftler am Montag bekannt. Hält diese Nachricht einer unabhängigen Überprüfung stand, handelt es sich um eine der spektakulärsten Entdeckungen der modernen Physik. Damit würden erstmals die Gravitationswellen experimentell nachgewiesen, die Albert Einstein in seiner Relativitätstheorie vorausgesagt hatte. Im Interview erläutert die an der Universität Genf tätige Kosmologin Ruth Durrer die Hintergründe.
In der Schweiz studieren vergleichsweise wenig junge Frauen Physik. Anders in Italien, wo das Physikstudium für Frauen eine Selbstverständlichkeit darstellt. Kein Zufall daher, dass es mit Fabiola Gianotti eine italienische Physikerin war, die im Juli 2012 im Namen des ATLAS-Experiments am CERN die Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens bekanntgab. Auch Martina Bucciantonio ist italienische Physikerin, und auch sie arbeitet am CERN. Während sich die Nachwuchswissenschaftlerin zu Beginn ihrer Forscherkarriere vor allem mit grundlegenden Fragestellungen unter anderem in der Datenauswertung befasste, beschäftigt sie sich in der Doktorarbeit aktuell mit Fragen medizinischer Anwendungen. Am 4. April diskutiert Martina Bucciantonio an der Kantonsschule Locarno mit dem bekannten Krebsarzt Franco Cavalli zum Thema: „Lebendige Materie oder tote Materie – Forschen in der Medizin, Forschen in der Physik“ (geschlossene Veranstaltung). Bereits am 20. März findet um 16 Uhr ein Google-Hangout zum selben Thema statt.
Dr. Hans Peter Beck, Privatdozent für Physik an der Universität Bern und Teilchenphysiker am Europäischen Labor für Teilchenphysik (CERN) in Genf gewährt in einem Interview mit der Webplattform Xecutives.net Einblick in das Weltbild der modernen Physik. Er erläutert die Hintergründe, die 2012 zur Entdeckung des Higgs-Teilchens führten, er spricht über die Geheimnisse der Dunklen Materie und erklärt aus seiner Sicht, was Physik und Mathematik verbindet.
L'accélérateur de particules LHC (Large Hadron Collider) du CERN a permis la découverte du boson de Higgs en 2012 et après 20 ans d'exploitation, on attend d'autres découvertes décisives de la grande installation de recherche de Genève. Malgré tout, les physiciens travaillent déjà à la construction d'un nouvel accélérateur plus grand du nom de FCC qui devrait générer une plus grande énergie avec les collisions de particules. Stefan Antusch, professeur de Physique théorique à l'université de Bâle explique l'état et les objectifs du nouveau projet lors d'une entrevue.
Sieht man vom Higgs-Teilchen ab, war das Top-Quark das letzte Elementarteilchen des heute gültigen Standardmodells, das experimentell nachgewiesen wurde. Dieser Nachweis gelang 1995 am Fermilab unweit von Chicago/USA. Wissenschaftlern dieser Forschungseinrichtung ist nun eine weitere Entdeckung rund um das Top-Quark gelungen: Sie haben einen neuen, sehr selten zu beobachtenden Weg experimentell nachgewiesen, auf dem das Top-Quark erzeugt werden kann.
Teilchenphysikerinnen und Teilchenphysiker leisten mit ihrer Forschung einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der Welt. Sie tragen aber oft auch bei zur Weiterentwicklung der Wirtschaft durch innovative Produkte. Diesen Aspekt hat am 12. Februar 2014 eine Podiumsdebatte am Hightech Zentrum Aargau in Brugg beleuchtet, an der Roland Horisberger, ETH-Professor und Leiter der Hochenergiephysik am Paul Scherrer Institut in Villigen/AG, mit Wirtschaftsvertretern diskutierte. Am 23. April 2014 fand mit den Teilnehmern eine Internetdiskussion (Hangout) zum gleichen Thema statt (die Aufzeichnung finden Sie auf dieser Seite ganz unten). Podiumsgespräch und Hangout waren Veranstaltungen im Rahmen des vom Schweizerischen Nationalfonds geförderten Projekts 'Interactions'.
Recherche sur les matériaux, physique des particules, biologie moléculaire, archéologie : depuis 40 ans, le grand accélérateur de protons de l’Institut Paul Scherrer (PSI) rend possible de la recherche de pointe dans différents domaines. A ses débuts, il devait permettre d’élucider des questions d’actualité en physique des particules – et a pour cela produit des pions. Par la suite, les installations liées à l’accélérateur ont été élargies, et son faisceau de protons a dès lors aussi servi à produire des neutrons et des muons pour les expériences les plus diverses – souvent dans des domaines de recherche, auxquels personne n’avait pensé au moment de la construction du site. Aujourd’hui, il est possible d’y mener jusqu’à 20 expériences en même temps. Aujourd’hui, le grand accélérateur de protons du PSI fournit l’un des faisceaux de protons les plus performants au monde. Les expériences que les chercheurs et les ingénieurs du PSI y ont accumulées ont aussi servi de fondement à la mise en place de la protonthérapie, grâce à laquelle plusieurs milliers de patients atteints d’un cancer ont été traités avec succès.
Einzelne Ionen als Qubits eines zukünftigen Quantencomputers lassen sich sehr effizient mit Hilfe von Laserstrahlen kühlen und detektieren. Ein neu gestartetes Projekt möchte dieses Wissen nun auch zur Kühlung und Detektion einzelner (Anti-)Protonen nutzbar machen. Bei erfolgreicher Demonstration bietet sich eine hochinteressante Perspektive: die Anwendung der experimentellen Techniken zur Kühlung von Antiprotonen am BASE-Experiment am CERN in Genf.
Einem Forscherteam am Europäischen Labor für Teilchenphysik (CERN) in Genf ist es erstmals gelungen, einen Strahl aus Antiwasserstoff-Atomen herzustellen. Dies ist ein wichtiger Zwischenschritt hin zu einem besseren Verständnis von Antimaterie. Dieses Verständnis könnte eine Grundlage schaffen, damit Physiker in Zukunft einmal die grosse Frage beantworten können, warum unser Universum und wir Menschen aus Materie, nicht aber aus Antimaterie bestehen. Stefan Ulmer, der im Rahmen des ASACUSA-Experiments Antiwasserstoff untersucht, erläutert die aufsehenerregenden neuen Erkenntnisse.